The County Line
An examination
of the Boundary between Tyrell
and Washington
Counties, North Carolina
The Physical Boundary
Looking at early maps, the western boundary of Tyrell County, North Carolina
seems to have been established long before Tyrell ever came to exist. The
boundary line that existed for over a century, was changed overnight above the
objections of one of the area's most prominent citizens. As one begins to
investigate this issue, it appears there may be more involved than simply
anchoring the boundary along a static, geographical feature – in this case a
canal. As we examine the situation in an historical context, and recognize the
individuals involved, one can not help apply the modern magnification of
skepticism upon the actions of the North Carolina General Assembly, and the
landowners of Tyrell, Washington and Chowan counties.
In 1652(?), one of the Lords Proprietor's grants was Albermarle County. This
vast area was composed of lands on both sides of the Albermarle Sound. We shall
focus on the Pasquotank Precinct, which was in the located in the center of
Albermarle County. On the north side of the sound, the area of present-day
Pasquotank County composed the north portion of this Precinct, while on the
south side of the sound, the Precinct line extended southwesterly across the
Sound from Stevenson Point on Durant's Neck to Bull Bay. The line followed a
southwesterly track into the swamp and out Pungo River. Alligator River formed
the eastern boundary.
In the years that followed, this western boundary remained the same, even as
the Pasquotank Precinct was dissolved and was restored.1/
In 1696, the southern portion of Pasquotank Precinct is separated and becomes
a part of Bath County (present-day Hyde County). The western and eastern
boundaries of the remaining Pasquotank Precinct are unchanged.
For seventy-seven years, the western boundary of the Pasquotank Precinct,
south of the Albermarle Sound has remained unchanged. The accepted boundary is
known by two generations of farmers, judiciary and taxmen.
In 1729, Tyrell County is formed. The western boundary extends southwesterly
from Bachelor's Bay (near present day Plymouth), in a straight line to Bath's
Beaufort Precinct. Tyrell County extends eastward to the ocean.
Forty-five years later (in 1774), Martin County is formed and includes area
from the most western section of Tyrell County. The western boundary of Tyrell
is now drawn along Welch Creek, south from Bachelor's Bay.
In 1799, Washington County was formed. The western boundary of Tyrell was
again set as it has been when it was Pasquotank precinct seventy years earlier.
Specifically, the boundary between Tyrell and Washington counties was a line,
"
…beginning at Bull-point, thence running a direct line to the
centre of the Indian swamp, where the road crosses; from thence running a direct
line to the west end of lake Phelps; thence running a direct course to Hyde
county line… commissioners to run the said dividing line and that all that
part of Tyrell, lying westwardly of said line shall be erected into a separate
and distinct county, known by the name of Washington county."2/
It is clearly stated that the line between Tyrell and Washington Counties ran
from a point on the western shore of Lake Phelps, meaning that Josiah Collins'
Somerset Place, along with the properties of Charles Pettigrew were located well
within Tyrell County.
Then in 1801, an amendment to a bill forming a new county in the western part
of the State, redrew the line between Washington and Tyrell. Specifically,
"
…That from and after the passing of this act, all that part of
Tyrell lying and being on the South and West side of the Indian Swamp, and the
canal beginning at the present dividing line of said counties, in such places
that make a straight course to the center of the Indian Swamp Bridge, thence a
straight direction to the mouth of the canal, thence up the said canal to Lake
Phelps, thence a South course to Hyde county-line, shall remain and constitute a
part of Washington county."3/
Now we see the line has shifted to the east, consuming the properties of
Josiah Collins, and splitting lands of Charles Pettigrew into two counties. The
boundary has not changed since.
The Political Angle
In 1801, Somerset Place became part of Washington County. The Somerset Canal
became the County Line, from the mouth of the canal (at the Scuppernong River)
up to Lake Phelps. This line would place all the properties of Joshiah Collins
in Washington County, but it would split the lands of Pettigrew’s Bonarva.

1/ 1670-1682 All land in Albermarle County, east of the
Pasquotank boundary is consolidated into Carteret Precinct. In 1682, Pasquotank
Precinct is restored, while eastern Albermarle forms Currituck Precinct.
2/ The Formation of North Carolina Counties 1663 -
1943 by David Leroy Corbitt Raleigh, State Department of Archives and
History, 1950, Third Printing 1975
3/ Ibid.